Linux Analysis

Full-system time travel debugging for Linux

Record a whole Linux VM, Intel or Arm, in one trace: the kernel, every module and every process. Then rewind it with your AI to the root cause of ELF malware, rootkits and kernel bugs, and check every finding at the exact instruction.

Agentic reverse engineering
On-premises by design
ARCH
Intel · Arm
SYSTEMS
Windows · Linux · Android · IoT
Full-system time travel debugging for Linux in Epoch: rewinding a recording with the Linux guest screen in the framebuffer
Linux Analysis

Full-system time travel debugging for Linux

Record a whole Linux VM, Intel or Arm, in one trace: the kernel, every module and every process. Then rewind it with your AI to the root cause of ELF malware, rootkits and kernel bugs, and check every finding at the exact instruction.

Full-system time travel debugging for Linux in Epoch: rewinding a recording with the Linux guest screen in the framebuffer
ARCH
Intel · Arm
SYSTEMS
Windows · Linux · Android · IoT
The problem

Where Linux investigations get stuck

Live response

The rootkit lies to your tools

An eBPF program or a kernel module hides processes, files and connections, so ps, ls and netstat only show what it allows.

Crash dumps

The panic shows the end, not the cause

A vmcore is one moment. The write that corrupted the kernel happened earlier, and the dump can’t take you back to it.

User-space recording

The recorder stops at the kernel

You can rewind a program, but not the kernel or its modules, and the recorder needs CPU counters that many VMs don’t expose.

Epoch records the whole Linux system, kernel included.

Instead of live response

The rootkit can’t lie to the trace

Epoch records from outside the VM, so you see the hook and what it hides, instruction by instruction.

Instead of a crash dump

Go back from the panic

Every instruction before the crash is in the trace, so you step back to the write that caused it.

Instead of user-space recording

The whole machine in one trace

The kernel, its modules and every process on a single timeline.

How it works

From a Linux sample to its root cause, in 3 steps.

01 · Emulate
Linux VMs on demand

Start a Linux VM that’s ready to record, on Ubuntu 26.04 or Debian 13. Already have a Linux VM? Import it into Epoch.

Ask your AI
Start an Ubuntu 26.04 VM with update.elf in /tmp.
✦
Your VM is ready, with a clean snapshot to record from.
Epoch Studio with a Linux VM running, ready to record for time travel debugging
02 · Record
Full-system recording

Epoch records the whole VM in one trace, from the kernel to userland: every instruction, register and memory access, across every process and kernel module. Once it’s recorded, you can analyze the run for as long as you need.

Ask your AI
Record update.elf from its first instruction.
✦
Recorded: the whole system, kernel included. The trace is indexed.
Epoch Studio recording a running Linux VM: the guest screen shows a terminal in /tmp
03 · Analyze
Time travel debugging

In Epoch, move backwards from the crash to its cause. Follow the call tree, see every read and write to an address, search the whole trace for a string, and tag the moments that matter. Kernel and module functions appear by name.

Ask your AI
Why doesn’t the miner show up in ps?
✦
An eBPF program it loaded filters its PID out of getdents64.
Time travel debugging in Epoch Analysis: the call tree and instructions of a recorded trace
Try it for free

Explore a full Linux kernel recording.

Linux kernel
Binder driver
Use-after-free

Open Epoch on a full-system recording of CVE-2023-20938, a use-after-free in the Linux kernel’s Binder driver. The free and the stale read are already bookmarked: go backwards and forwards between them yourself.

No install. No credit card. No ID.
Full-system Windows recording of AngryPangolin in Epoch Analysis: registers, call tree, instructions and the recorded Windows screen
Distributions and architectures

Record Linux on Intel and Arm.

Ready to record

Ubuntu 26.04 LTS

Start an Ubuntu VM from Epoch in one prompt, with a clean snapshot to record from.

Ready to record

Debian 13

The same on Debian: a VM that’s ready to record, for samples and bugs that target Debian systems.

Bring your own

Your own Linux VM

Import the VM you already use, with the exact kernel, modules and packages your case needs.

rr vs Epoch

rr records a process tree. Epoch records the machine.

rr, the open-source record and replay debugger, rewinds the user-space processes it launches. Epoch is full-system record and replay: it keeps going when the investigation reaches the kernel.

Capability
rruser-space record and replay
Epochfull-system time travel debugging
Reverse execution
Yes
Yes
Kernel and modules
No, user space only
Yes, in the same trace
Processes
Only the tree it launched
Every process on the machine
In a VM
Only if the CPU counters are passed through
Records the VM from outside
Architectures
x86 and x64, and only some Arm CPUs
Intel (x86, x64) and Arm
What the sample can see
ptrace in the process
No debugger or recorder in the guest
Memory history
Reverse watchpoints, one address at a time
Every read and write to an address, listed
No
Yes, forward and backward
AI
Community MCP servers
Built in, works with any AI
esReverse

One platform for the whole investigation.

esReverse turns the whole workflow into a shared workspace. Epoch runs there, next to the tools your team already uses, and what you find doesn’t disappear when a session ends.

Static and dynamic, side by side

Open IDA, Ghidra or Binary Ninja in the same project as the trace, and read the code next to what it actually did at runtime.

Work on the same recordings

Every Epoch recording is shared with the project's members. Tags and comments stay on the exact instruction, so when one analyst finds where the malware decrypts its payload, the next one starts from there.

Build on every case

Recordings and analyses stay in the project after a case is closed, so the next investigation can start from a sample the team has already traced.

Who it’s for

Built for Linux malware, rootkit and kernel investigations.

Malware analysis

Go past the sandbox report: record an ELF sample once, a botnet or a miner, then follow it from process to process and into the kernel.

Vulnerability research

Go back from a kernel crash to the first corrupting write, and hand over a recording of the bug that anyone can check.

Kernel research

Follow a syscall or an ioctl from userland into the kernel module, and go back from the kernel panic to the write that caused it.

Rootkit analysis

Watch an eBPF program or a kernel module load, hook and hide, instruction by instruction, even when the live system lies to you.

Talk to an expert

Let’s look at your Linux target.

Tell us what you need to investigate and we’ll walk you through the workflow on a case like yours.

Linux Analysis with eShard · what’s included
The workflow
✓
Epoch
Analyze full-system Linux with time travel debugging
Collaboration
✓
esReverse
One workspace where your team shares the recordings, the findings and its tools
Deployed on your premises.

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FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

We are always here to help you and answer your questions.

We are always here to help you and answer your questions.

Can I reverse debug the Linux kernel?

Yes. Epoch records the kernel with every process, so you can step backwards through kernel code, from a panic back to the write that caused it.

How is Epoch different from rr?

rr records the user-space processes it launches, from inside the system. Epoch records the whole Linux VM from outside, so the kernel, its modules and every process are in the same trace.

Which Linux distributions and architectures are supported?

Ubuntu 26.04 and Debian 13, on Intel and Arm. Already have your own Linux VM? Import it into Epoch and record the exact kernel and packages you need.

Which AI can I use, and can I trust its answers?

Any AI assistant you already use. The agent answers from the recording, so every finding points to the exact instruction where it happened, and you can check it in Epoch.